15. 减少对表的查询
在含有子查询的SQL语句中,要特别注意减少对表的查询.
例如:
Slow:
SELECT TAB_NAME
FROM TABLES
WHERE TAB_NAME = ( SELECT TAB_NAME
FROM TAB_COLUMNS
WHERE VERSION = 604)
AND DB_VER= ( SELECT DB_VER
FROM TAB_COLUMNS
WHERE VERSION = 604)
Fast:
SELECT TAB_NAME
FROM TABLES
WHERE (TAB_NAME,DB_VER)
= ( SELECT TAB_NAME,DB_VER)
FROM TAB_COLUMNS
WHERE VERSION = 604)
Update 多个Column 例子:
Slow
UPDATE EMP
SET EMP_CAT = (SELECT MAX(CATEGORY) FROM EMP_CATEGORIES),
SAL_RANGE = (SELECT MAX(SAL_RANGE) FROM EMP_CATEGORIES)
WHERE EMP_DEPT = 0020;
Fast
UPDATE EMP
SET (EMP_CAT, SAL_RANGE)
= (SELECT MAX(CATEGORY) , MAX(SAL_RANGE)
FROM EMP_CATEGORIES)
WHERE EMP_DEPT = 0020;
8. 使用DECODE函数来减少处理时间
使用DECODE函数可以避免重复扫描相同记录或重复连接相同的表.
例如:
SELECT COUNT(*)，SUM(SAL)
FROM EMP
WHERE DEPT_NO = 0020
AND ENAME LIKE ‘SMITH%’;
SELECT COUNT(*)，SUM(SAL)
FROM EMP
WHERE DEPT_NO = 0030
AND ENAME LIKE ‘SMITH%’;
你可以用DECODE函数高效地得到相同结果
SELECT COUNT(DECODE(DEPT_NO,0020,’X’,NULL)) D0020_COUNT,
COUNT(DECODE(DEPT_NO,0030,’X’,NULL)) D0030_COUNT,
SUM(DECODE(DEPT_NO,0020,SAL,NULL)) D0020_SAL,
SUM(DECODE(DEPT_NO,0030,SAL,NULL)) D0030_SAL
FROM EMP WHERE ENAME LIKE ‘SMITH%’;
类似的,DECODE函数也可以运用于GROUP BY 和ORDER BY子句中.
